HR: Writing frame - Goodwin

• When considering the key features of a music video, Andrew Goodwin, Dancing in the Distraction Factory (1992) identified a number of conventions which can be applied to the music video Celestine by Spector directed by Jed Cullen and High 5 Collective in 2002.
• Firstly he stated that music videos demonstrate genre characters. This video could be categorised as being in the indie rock genre. It is conventional in that its cutting rate is very fast within the introduction and chorus of the song to give an obscure view for the audience which is conventional for indie rock as they usually like to use unique and disjunctive techniques as it seems original.
• They tend to cut between close ups of guitars playing and performance which is more in the rock conventions as that style involves performance but as this is indie rock, they have done it in an unusual location of a desert rather than on a stage to help tie in the two sub genres together visually.
• Another way that this is conventional is through the artists' costume. The lead singer is wearing big glasses with the frames left clear which is a stereotypical image of what an indie person looks like. The suits they are wearing are different in several different shots. In one of the shots, they are wearing a classic black suit with a white shirt, but in anther shot they are wearing multi-coloured shirts with white suits so this contrasts between the different styles.

• The narrative of the text is disjunctive as the images used in the song have no link to the lyrics. This is a typical convention of indie bands as it makes the video seem artistic as it is ignoring any possible links to create a new meaning. 
• The video could be seen as unconventional in that the dog in the video is a metaphor for people. For example, the dog in the video has no relevance to any of the lyrics, but it could have been replaces there to give the illusion that it has a hidden meaning like the dog represents people running away from their past. The fact they are parodying other music videos by making an S shape while jumping up in the air makes this unconventional. This happens in S Club Party by S Club 7, so it makes fun of he mainstream video.

• Goodwin discussed the relationship between lyrics and visuals. In relation to Celestine, it is clear that they have related some of the lyrics with visual images. An example of this when the lyrics say "the night's not young enough" the mise-en-scene is dusk time, so it ties in well with the visuals and lyrics so it is illustrative however in the chair with the European union flag sequence, it is more disjunctive because it has no relationship with the lyrics; it has probably been put in there to make the audience think that there is some kind of political message when in reality it has been put in there to look artistic.
• He also considered the relationship between music and visuals to be an important convention. In Celestine, we can see that there is a fast cutting rate to work in conjunction with the music which brings the music video together as they are using general conventions by editing in time with the beat of the song however in the chorus, although there is a fast cutting rate as the music gets faster, the cutting doesn't make in time with the pace of the music which challenges usual conventions and contrasts with the introduction as the cutting rate was done in time with the music.
• He made reference to the notion of looking in the music video. Some examples of this is some of the band members playing into the mirror. This is a reflection of some of the visual that are being shown; by seeing someone twice in a video, it makes you focus on them more than you would if there was not another one of them. There is also a point of view shot of the lead singer when he takes off his glasses. This allows the audience to look through the artists eyes, thus connecting with them more.
• Importantly he talked about the voyeuristic treatment of the body. With reference to this video, there are many close up shots of the band members hands when they are playing their instruments. This is a conventional approach  as the rock genre is mainly based on performance but with elements of narrative being cut into the video. 

• As in every music video there are close ups of the lead singer as that is what the majority of the audience is looking for - the meat shot. It appeals to both males and female audiences as he is the prime source for the singing so want to see his facial expressions when he performs so the audience know how he is feeling when he says certain lyrics which would effect the audiences response and change their view of the song before it was a music video.
• Music videos are a postmodern form which implies that they often borrow and rework ideas from other texts and forms. Celestine uses intertextuality in the form of parody before the song even starts. They use humour by typing in "indie coc" then deleting it and typing "indie rock video" instead. This shows audinces before the song starts their genre so they know what to expect. They also used a quote from Anthony Kiedis insinuating the location where this music video will be set.
• Pastiche is used as small flashes on the screen within the introduction. Moth Boys is written and this is a reference to previous music they have done so they are interlinking this into their video. Usually, music videos will no involve a lot of text that flashes and is brightly coloured, so these are unconventional of music videos, but works for indie rock genre because of their unique style of wanting to be different. To link in with the euro flag, they have shown a figure with the euro sign so when the flag comes up in the video, the audience can link back to it.